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Bodyinjurysurgery

Bunion Surgery: Ways to Effectively Lower Your Risk

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Bunion or Hallux valgus is a condition characterized by a body deformity of the joint situated at the big toe’s base.

Depending on the condition’s severity, treatment alternatives can range from taking painkiller medications to having bunions surgery.

Symptoms

Telltale symptoms of bunions include:

  • Pain and inflammation of the joint of the big toe
  • A swollen bump situated on the outside edge of the foot
  • Callused and red skin on the affected toe
  • Sore skin on the top of the area affected
  • Noticeable changes in the foot’s shape

Sans proper attention and treatment, the condition can worsen and may even require bunions surgery.

Causes

While no exact causes for bunions are known, there are probable causes that have been identified.

Some of the likely causes include:

Arthritis

Bunions has been associated with the following types of arthritis:

Psoriatic arthritis – associated with psoriasis, a known skin condition

Gout – this type typically affects the big toe

Rheumatoid arthritis – swelling and pain of the join can be attributed to the joint lining being attacked by the body’s own immune system

Genetics

If you have family members that have bunions, you have a relatively higher risk of also developing the condition.

However, it will not always follow that if someone in the family has it, everyone in the family will also have it.

Other possible causes

Poor fitting shoes

Wearing of footwear that is too tight has been known to contribute to the development of the condition.

For those who already have the condition, poor choice of footwear can no doubt make the condition even worse.

Treatment Options

Noninvasive treatment options are almost always the first resort when treating the condition

Non-surgical treatment alternatives

Noninvasive treatment options are almost always the first resort when treating the condition.

However, while non-surgical treatment alternatives can do much when it comes to alleviating both the discomfort and the pain, it won’t do much when it comes to preventing the condition from escalating over time.

Non-surgical treatment options include:

Painkillers

When the bunion is painful, over-the-counter painkillers are prescribed.

Paracetamol and ibuprofen are classic examples of OTC painkillers.

To play safe, make sure to always read the accompanying information leaflet and follow the dosage recommended.

Bunion pads

Bunion pads are also known to effectively ease pain brought about by the condition.

Reusable bunion pads made of gel or fleece can be easily purchased from pharmacies nowadays.

Bunion pads offer comfort by helping ensure your foot does not rub against your shoe.

Minimizing rubbing can help significantly reduce both pain and pressure.

Orthotics

Orthotics are typically placed inside the shoes and will work by helping realign the foot’s bones.

Orthotics has also been known effective in reducing the pain since it helps minimize pressure on the feet.

However, no evidence has been available yet when it comes to the effectiveness of orthotics even when used for long periods.

Surgery

If the bunion is very painful and already affects the patient’s quality of life, bunion surgery would be the recommended (and ideal) treatment recourse.

The surgery will be carried out in order to ease the pain and correct the alignment.

Nowadays, bunion surgeries are done as an outpatient procedure.

A general or local anesthetic will be used but the patient will not be required to stay in the hospital.

Different types of bunion surgeries

There are numerous surgical procedures for the treatment of bunions.

The procedure chosen will depend on the severity of the condition.

Some of the most common surgical procedures include:

Arthrodesis

This procedure is often considered ideal for those with advanced joint degeneration and severe deformities.

The procedure will entail fusing together the two bones in the big toe joint.

Post-surgery, patients would no longer be able to wear high heels as it would limit the movement of the big toe.

Osteotomy

This type of surgery for the bunion is deemed one of the most common.

The procedure involves cutting and removing a portion of the affected toe’s bone.

After the bony lump is removed, the bones will be realigned.

Bunions can worsen over time without proper management. Steer clear of the discomfort and pain bunions can bring by getting in touch with the experts at www.bjios.sg.

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In essence, repetitive and intense strain on the Achilles tendon is primarily the cause of Achilles tendinitis
Bodyinjury

Achilles Tendinitis: What are the Likely Causes?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

In essence, repetitive and intense strain on the Achilles tendon is primarily the cause of Achilles tendinitis.

Putting it another way, the condition is the injury of the Achilles tendon brought about by overuse.

The Achilles tendon is the tissue band that links the calf muscles (situated at the back of the lower leg) to the heel bone.

As one ages, the tendon structure weakens, making it more susceptible to injuries.

Likely Causes

Achilles tendinitis is prevalent among middle-aged individuals who engage in sports (i.e. tennis and basketball) only on the weekends and among runners who drastically increase the intensity and duration of their runs.

It is reassuring to note however that majority of Achilles tendinitis cases will respond to at-home remedies supervised by a medical professional.

However, serious cases should be given proper attention and treatment or it can result to tendon tears (ruptures) that might need surgical repair.

Common Symptoms

Telltale indicators of Achilles tendinitis include tenderness, stiffness, and mild ache in the back of the leg situated above the heel.

The symptoms will often manifest after runs and other intense activities.

Risk Factors

There are Some factors that can help increase one's risk of Achilles tendinitis

Some of the factors that can help increase one’s risk of Achilles tendinitis include:

Training choices – running on hilly terrains can significantly increase one’s likelihood of developing Achilles injuries. Wearing shoes that are worn-out can also increase the risk of developing the condition.

Age – the condition can occur more often as one ages

Sex – Achilles tendinitis is more common in men than in women

Medical conditions – patients with psoriasis and high blood pressure are more predisposed to Achilles tendinitis compared to their healthier counterparts

Physical problems – people with a flat arch in the foot are also more likely to develop the condition compared to others. Obesity and tight calf muscles are also factors that have been known to add to the tendon’s strain

Diagnosis

To accurately diagnose if the patient has Achilles tendinitis, the doctor will need to assess the range of motion, reflexes, flexibility, and alignment of both the ankle and the foot.

In some instances, the doctor will have to require other tests to evaluate the condition further.

Some of the likely tests include:

X-rays – while X-rays won’t be able to visualize the soft tissues, it is used to help rule out other conditions that might manifest the same symptoms.

Ultrasound – this device produces real-time images of the tendon in action using sound waves to visualize the soft tissues. If the blood flow around the tendon needs to be checked, a color-Doppler ultrasound will be required.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – with the use of radio waves and a strong magnet, MRI machines can produce highly detailed images.

Preventive Measures

While there is no sure way to prevent the condition from occurring, it is reassuring to know there are measures one can adapt to significantly reduce the risk of Achilles tendinitis from happening.

For starters, the following can help ensure Achilles tendinitis is kept at bay:

Cross-training – to ensure your Achilles tendon is safe from injury, it would be best to take it easy on the high-impact activities.

For instance, while it is perfectly okay to engage in running or jumping, consider it ideal to throw in some low-impact activities such as cycling and swimming.

Incorporating low-impact activities can help ensure your tendons are not strained.

Overexertion – as a general rule of thumb, refrain from engaging in activities that will put excessive strain on your Achilles tendons.

If you are going to do a strenuous activity, make sure to do your warm-ups first.

Also, when doing exercise routines, be sure to start slow and increase the duration and intensity as you go along.

Stretching –  to enhance flexibility, stretch your calf muscles and Achilles tendon in the morning before and after doing your exercise routine.

To know about Achilles tendinitis and its proper management, visit www.bjios.sg right away.

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ACL injury is the medical term used to refer to the tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament of the ACL
Bodyinjury

What are the Likely Treatment Options for ACL Injuries?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

ACL injury is the medical term used to refer to the tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament of the ACL.

Typical ACL injuries typically occur in sports that involve drastic stops, sudden jumps, and changes in direction—tennis, gymnastics, downhill skiing, basketball, and soccer to name a few.

In most cases, affected individuals can feel and hear a “pop” during an ACL injury.

Depending on the severity of the injury, treatment options can range from rehabilitation, rest, or surgery.

Typical symptoms of ACL injuries include but are not limited to the following:

  • Inability to continue with any activity
  • Extreme pain
  • Loss of range of motion
  • Instability
  • Swelling

To accurately diagnose an ACL injury, physical examination and checking for swelling and tenderness will be done. The knee’s overall function will also be assessed.

While making a diagnosis can be done based merely on the physical examination, some tests will be required to rule out other possible causes and gauge the severity of the ACL injury.

Below are some of the possible tests that will be required:

  • X-rays – X-rays are often requested when your attending doctor would like to check for possible bone fractures.
  • Ultrasound – in order to check for any tendon, muscle, or ligament injuries, an ultrasound will be required. An ultrasound will employ sound waves to visualize the internal structures of the knee.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – MRIs make use of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create images of the body’s soft and hard tissues. It is deemed an effective tool if the doctor would like to gauge the full extent of an ACL injury and check for other signs of possible damage.

Although prompt and proper first aid care can significantly reduce the swelling and pain caused by an ACL injury, other treatment alternatives might be required, depending on the severity.

Other treatment options include:

Rehabilitation

ACL injury treatment will often entail weeks of rehabilitative therapy

ACL injury treatment will often entail weeks of rehabilitative therapy.

Physical therapists will teach patients recommended exercises that can be performed at home or under their continued supervision.

In some instances, crutches are recommended so less stress and strain are placed on the knees. A brace might also be recommended to help stabilize the affected knee.

The primary goals of rehabilitation include muscle strengthening, reduction of swelling and pain, and restoration of full motion range.

Physical therapy can be very effective in treating an ACL injury if the patient is relatively inactive, does not engage in sports that put stress on the knees, and is only engaged in moderate exercises and recreational activities.

Surgery

Surgery is a likely treatment alternative given the following circumstances:

  • More than one ligament or cartilage is injured
  • The patient is young and active
  • The patient is an athlete engaged in sports that entails jumping, pivoting, and cutting
  • The injury makes the knees buckle even when performing daily activities

During an ACL reconstruction, ligaments that are damaged are removed. The damaged ligaments are replaced by a segment of tendon. The procedure is commonly known as grafting.

The surgeon will use the tendon taken from another part of the knee or it will be taken from a deceased donor. The graft will function as a scaffolding, where the new ligament tissues will grow.

Rehabilitative surgery will often start after surgery. Successful reconstruction of the ACL is often followed by rigorous rehabilitation.

This is done to ensure the knee’s function and stability are restored.

Oftentimes, athletes with ACL injuries can already engage in their sports after eight to twelve months.

ACL injuries should not be taken for granted. If you suspect an ACL injury, get expert help from the specialists at www.bjios.sg right away.

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Trigger finger is an excruciating condition that causes the finger or the thumb to catch or lock up when bent
Bodyinjurysurgery

Trigger Finger Surgery: Why is it Necessary?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Trigger finger is an excruciating condition that causes the finger or the thumb to catch or lock up when bent.

Also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, trigger finger occurs when the tendons in the finger or thumb becomes inflamed.

The tough tissue bands that connect the muscles and the bones are called tendons.

Together, the tendons and the muscles in the hands and arms bend and straighten the fingers and the thumbs.

Typically, the tendon will just easily glide through the tissue covering or the sheath because of the synovium.

It is the lubricating membrane surrounding the joint.

However, there will be instances when the tendon becomes inflamed and swollen.

When this happens, bending the finger or the thumb will pull the inflamed tendon through a tendon sheath that is already narrowed.

This would result to a snap or pop.

Depending on the severity, the treatment option can range from noninvasive options to trigger finger surgery.

Causes

Repeated movements and forceful use of the finger or thumb is often the culprit for trigger finger

Repeated movements and forceful use of the finger or thumb is often the culprit for trigger finger.

Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and gout have also been associated with trigger finger.

There are several factors that increase one’s risk of developing the condition.

Some of the factors include the following:

  • Repeated gripping – occupations and hobbies that entail repetitive hand use and prolonged gripping.
  • Health problems – people with diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are more at risk of developing trigger finger.
  • Sex – trigger finger is more common in women than in men.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of trigger finger include the following:

  • A bump or a nodule
  • Tenderness
  • Finger catching or locking
  • Difficulty or inability to straighten the affected finger
  • Finger is locked in bent position
  • Stiffness of the affected finger especially in the mornings
  • Popping and clicking sensation when the affected finger is moved

Diagnosis

When diagnosing trigger finger, no elaborate testing is required.

Checking the medical history and a physical examination would often suffice.

During the examination, the patient will be asked to close and open the hand.

This is done so the doctor can easily check for signs of locking.

The physical examination will also allow the doctor to check for lumps, areas of pain, and smoothness of motion.

Lumps associated with trigger finger will move together with the finger since it is attached to the tendon.

Treatment

Medications

NSAIDs or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen and naproxen) are often recommended to provide relief from pain.

However, NSAIDs won’t be able to relieve the inflammation and the swelling.

Therapy

Noninvasive treatment approaches for trigger finger include the following:

  • Rest – patients whose hobbies or work entail prolonged grasping and repetitive gripping, resting for at least 3 to 4 weeks will be recommended.
  • Ice or heat – some individuals notice an improvement when icing the palm several times a day. Others on the other hand, observe an improvement when warm-water soaks are done first thing each morning.
  • Splint – splinting the affected finger for at least 6 weeks might be recommended to help ensure it stays in an extended condition.
  • Stretching exercises – in order to maintain mobility of the affected finger, doctors will most likely recommend gentle exercises.

Surgery and Other Procedures

For conditions that are severe and does not respond to conventional treatments, the following treatment routes might be suggested:

Percutaneous Release – after numbing the palm, the doctor will then insert a needle into the tissue in order to help break the constriction. This procedure is done under ultrasound so damage to the tendon and other nerves will be avoided.

Trigger Finger Surgery – the procedure is done by cutting open the constricted tendon sheath section through a small incision made in the base of the finger affected. This procedure is often carried out in the operating room.

Don’t put up with the pain and discomfort trigger finger brings. Visit www.bjios.sg to know how to effectively manage the condition and treat it for good.

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osteoarthritis or OA develops when the natural cushioning situated between the joints (cartilage) wears away
Bodyinjury

Knee Osteoarthritis: What are the Stages?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Otherwise referred to as wear-and-tear arthritis, osteoarthritis or OA develops when the natural cushioning situated between the joints (cartilage) wears away.

The condition can cause the joints to rub more closely.

The rubbing can result to stiffness, pain, swelling, reduced movement ability, and in some cases, formation of bone spurs.

Osteoarthritis is considered one of the most common types of arthritis.

While OA can develop in young people, the likelihood of developing the condition is higher for those past the age of 45.

Compared to men, women are also more prone to osteoarthritis.

Risk Factors and Causes

Many cases of knee OA are attributed to age.

However, while it is possible that many individuals will experience some degree of osteoarthritis, several factors are believed to significantly increase the risk of the condition developing at an early age.

Some of the most common risk factors for OA include:

Weight

Excess weight can put unnecessary stress and strain on the knees.

Every extra pound can put as much as 3 to 4 pounds of weight on the knees.

Repetitive stress injuries

Individuals whose work entail repetitive activities (kneeling, lifting weights, squatting, etc.) that can cause stress to the joint are more prone to developing OA.

Heredity

Some individuals become more prone to knee osteoarthritis compared to others because of certain genetic mutations.

The condition can also be secondary to inherited abnormalities that affect the bones that surround the knee joint.

Different Stages of Knee Osteoarthritis

OA has 5 stages

OA has 5 stages.

Stage 4 is assigned for severe cases while stage 0 is for healthy and normal knees.

Stage 0

In stage 0, there are no signs or indications of osteoarthritis evident in the knee joint.

The knee joint also functions without any impairment or pain.

Stage 1

Patients afflicted with stage 1 osteoarthritis are most likely to already have bone spur growths albeit very minor.

In essence, bone spurs are the boney growths that occur where the bones meet.

Fortunately, it is very unlikely for individuals with stage 1 osteoarthritis to experience any discomfort or pain as wear on the joint components is often very minimal.

Stage 2

Individuals with a “mild” degree of osteoarthritis are considered to have stage 2 OA.

X-ray results of patients with stage 2 OA may indicate greater bone spur growth but the cartilage size is most likely still considered healthy.

In stage 2 OA, no bone scraping or rubbing is likely to take place as the space between the bones is still considered normal.

There are also no noticeable changes in the joint motion as the level of synovial fluid present is still sufficient.

Stage 3

Those classified with “moderate” OA belong to stage 3.

In stage 3, a notable narrowing of space between the bones is also present.

The cartilage will also likely to already show some damage.

Those with stage 3 osteoarthritis will often experience pain when bending, running, walking, or kneeling.

Joint stiffness may also occur early in the mornings or when sitting for long periods.

Joint swelling might also occur after extended movement.

Stage 4

Patients with “severe” cases of knee OA are classified under stage 4.

Individuals with stage 4 knee osteoarthritis often experience discomfort and pain when walking or moving the joint.

This is also the stage where joint space is significant and the cartilage is almost gone completely.

Patients with stage 4 OA will often experience difficulty moving and severe joint stiffness.

In this stage, the synovial fluid has also been decreased significantly so it can no longer reduce the friction between the moving parts of the joint.

Suffering from knee osteoarthritis?

Ensure the condition is properly managed by heading to www.bjios.sg now.

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Bodyhealthinjury

Effective Ways to Manage Lower Back Pain

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Lower back pain is considered by many to be one of those universal human experiences.

In other words, everyone has experienced it at one point in their lives or another.

Lower pain is considered very common in adults between 30 and 50 years old.

Its severity can range from acute to chronic.

Back pain can be attributed to a lot of causes.

However, some of the most common causes include spinal abnormalities (i.e. slipped disk or spinal stenosis), muscle pulls and spasms, and nerve irritation.

Symptoms

Back pain symptoms that will manifest will often depend on the severity of the condition.

In most cases however, it can range from dull ache to stabbing or shooting sensation.

In other cases, those with the condition will notice pain when standing or moving up.

Most cases of acute lower back pain are attributed to injuries from sports or from lifting heavy objects.

If pain in the back persists past the 72-hour mark, seeing an orthopaedic specialist would be considered ideal.

Pain that persists for more than 3 months is already classified as chronic.

Individuals who experience back pain that is severe after a fall or injury should consider seeking immediate medical attention a necessity.

Other alarming symptoms that will require immediate medical attention include:

  • Fever
  • Loss of bowel or bladder control
  • Pain when coughing or urinating
  • Weakness in the leg

Risk Factors

Many people often experience lower back pain in their 30s

Many people often experience lower back pain in their 30s.

Occurrence of the condition has been noticed to increase as an individual ages.

Apart from age, there are other factors that have been known to increase a person’s risk for lower back pain.

Some of the factors are:

  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Obesity
  • Jobs that entail lifting of heavy objects

Diagnosis

To diagnose the cause of the back pain accurately, orthopaedic specialists would most likely ask patients the following questions:

  • What is the pain like?
  • When did you first notice it?
  • What are the symptoms you have noticed?
  • Do you have a history of chronic back pain?

Treatment

In most cases, recommended treatment option for back pain will depend on the cause of the condition and its severity.

Below are some of the most effective ways used to manage back pain:

Rest

In mild cases, reducing the level of activity at least for a couple of days or more would often do wonders.

Also, putting in the back in a neutral position by putting a pillow under the knees while lying on the back has also been known to help.

Heat or ice

Evidence indicates that using heat packs and ice can significantly increase mobility and alleviate pain.

Placing a bag of ice wrapped in a towel on the painful area is often recommended to help minimize the inflammation.

The procedure should be repeated numerous times each day, at least 20 minutes for each repetition.

For those who prefer heat treatment, taking a warm bath or using a heating pad would be good ideas.

The warmth can help loose the tight muscles that might be one of the causes of the pain.

Surgery

Surgery to resolve severe back pain is very rare.

However, it can become the likely option when all other treatment options that have been exhausted has proved futile.

Surgery can also be the best option in some cases.

For instance, when small disk fragments have disintegrated, they need to be removed surgically to remove pressure on the nerve paths.

In the case of an injured or abnormal vertebrae, fusing it together might be required so the patient can regain mobility.

Generally, surgery of the back is often considered the last resort.

It can only become the ideal treatment option when there is loss of bowel or bladder control, when there is neurological loss, and when all other noninvasive alternatives have proved futile.

Manage low back pain effectively with the help of the specialists at www.bjios.sg.

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The ACL or the anterior cruciate ligament are the tough tissue bands that connect the thigh bone to the shin bone
Bodyinjurysurgery

ACL Injuries: Minimally Invasive Surgery

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

The ACL or the anterior cruciate ligament are the tough tissue bands that connect the thigh bone to the shin bone.

The anterior cruciate ligament runs through the knee diagonally and works by giving the joint in the knee the much needed stability.

It also helps control the back-and-forth movement of the lower leg.

Oftentimes, knee injuries occur when playing physically demanding sports like skiing, squash, football, and tennis.

Up to 40 percent of known sports injuries can be traced to ACL injuries.

In cases where damage is extensive, minimally invasive surgery might be recommended.

Tears in the ACL often happen when the lower leg and the knee are twisted or when the lower leg is extended too much.

Other likely causes of ACL injuries include:

  • Incorrect landings (from jumps)
  • Collisions (from football tackles)
  • Drastic stops
  • Sudden changes in direction

When the ACL is torn, there is a tendency for the knee to become highly unstable.

Losing its full motion range is also possible.

When is surgery needed?

For ACL tears that are minor, conservative and noninvasive treatment options will most often suffice

For ACL tears that are minor, conservative and noninvasive treatment options will most often suffice.

However, if there are multiple tears, immediate surgical intervention is the most likely option to help ensure the knee is stabilized.

Surgery is also often carried out before too much inflammation can occur and cause permanent damage to the joint.

Stitching alone will not be enough to repair ACL tears.

Tissue graft (from the patient or a cadaver) will be required to provide support and facilitate ligament growth.

Fortunately, it is a lot easier for orthopedic surgeons nowadays to gauge the severity of the injury.

When immediate repairs are deemed necessary, a minimally invasive surgery called arthroscopy is performed.

The procedure is carried out under general anesthesia.

The surgeon will also need to make several tiny incisions in the knee.

In order to clean the joint, fluid will be injected.

A fiber optic camera will then be inserted so it can provide detailed images on the television monitor.

The detailed images will help the orthopedic surgeon clearly see the joint parts and determine the steps necessary for the repair.

Years prior, surgeries of the knee are often classified as open surgery and will often entail at least a week-long stay in the hospital.

Several months will also be required for full recovery to take place.

Fortunately, patients can perform day-to-day routines more quickly with procedures that are minimally invasive.

Knee arthroscopy is also carried out to:

  • Trim the pieces of the broken cartilage
  • Remove or repair the cartilage that works as cushion in the meniscus (the space situated between the knee bones)
  • Repair the bone fractures found in the knee
  • Repair the lining of the knee or the synovium
  • Remove the fluid-filled sac that can manifest in the back of the knee (Baker’s cyst)

Preparations

Before the surgery, the following will most likely be suggested:

  • Discussing bleeding disorders or other medical conditions with the surgeon.
  • Taking a blood sample just in case a transfusion of blood will be necessary.
  • Letting the doctor know if you have colds, fever, herpes breakout, flu or other conditions that might cause rescheduling of the surgery.
  • Taking ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), Iopidogrel (Plavix), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), and other blood thinners should be stopped.

On the day of the procedure, the following will most likely be recommended:

  • Eating and drinking after midnight should be avoided especially if general anesthesia will be administered.
  • Should be in the hospital on the time scheduled.
  • Taking medications provided with only a small water sip.

After the surgery, patients can expect the following:

  • They will be asked to go home after only a few hours.
  • They will have to use crutches when necessary.
  • Since the procedure is minimally invasive, recovery will be faster. However, in some instances, the complexity of the repair and the severity of the condition may affect the length of the recovery.

If you are a candidate for minimally invasive surgery for an ACL injury, get expert help from the able specialists at www.bjios.sg now.

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Pain, inflammation, and discomfort on any joint part (tendons, bone, muscles, and ligaments) is typically referred to as joint pain
Bodyinjury

Joint Pain: What are the Common Symptoms?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Pain, inflammation, and discomfort on any joint part (tendons, bone, muscles, and ligaments) is typically referred to as joint pain.

In most cases however, joint pain is also the term given to arthritis or arthralgia—a condition associated with inflammation or pain from within the joint itself.

Pain brought about by the condition can be mild (where soreness manifesting only after an activity) or it can be severe.

In severe cases, even limited movement can cause excruciating pain.

Causes

Some of the most likely causes of pain in the joint include but are not limited to the following:

  • Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
  • Complex regional pain syndrome
  • Septic arthritis
  • Polymyalgia rheumatic
  • Tendinitis
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Rickets
  • Sprains
  • Strains
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Leukemia
  • Paget’s disease of the bone
  • Lupus
  • Leukemia
  • Bursitis
  • Avascular necrosis
  • Meralgia paresthetica
  • Bone cancer
  • Gout
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Dislocation
  • Adult Still’s disease
  • Broken bone
  • Ankylosing spondylitis

In majority of the cases, joint pain is relatively harmless and will respond to home-care remedies.

However, a doctor’s visit would be needed if the following symptoms will occur:

  • Swelling
  • Redness
  • Tenderness

Visiting the doctor is also required if the joint pain is the result of an injury and the following symptoms manifest:

  • Severe pain
  • Sudden swelling
  • Joint deformity
  • Inability to use the joint

Treatment

Before the right treatment approach for the condition is identified, doctors would first need to accurately diagnose the cause of the condition

Before the right treatment approach for the condition is identified, doctors would first need to accurately diagnose the cause of the condition.

Regardless of the chosen treatment option, the primary goals remain the same—alleviating the pain, minimizing the inflammation, and preserving the joint’s function.

Some of the treatment options for joint pain include the following:

Medications

Joint pains that are classified as moderate to severe (with swelling), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (i.e. aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen) and over-the-counter painkillers might be recommended.

However, taking OTC medications should be done with caution especially if patient is an avid drinker as it might result to liver damage.

If pain that manifests is severe and won’t respond at all to NSAIDs, a strong opioid medication might be given.

Since opioid drugs can result to drowsiness, it is recommended that they are used only upon the doctor’s recommendation.

Yet another possible side effect of opioid medication is constipation.

Fortunately, it can easily be remedied through the use of laxatives.

Other medications that are known to help alleviate joint pain include:

  • Muscle relaxants made to combat muscle spasms. These muscle relaxants are sometimes taken with NSAIDs in order to maximize pain relief.
  • Some antidepressant and antiepileptic drugs. These medications do their job by interfering with the pain signals.

Physical Therapy

Working with a physical therapist is also an option for those who have joint pain.

The therapist will be using different techniques—manipulation, ultrasound, heat and cold therapy, and electrical nerve stimulation—in order to strengthen the muscles, improve the patient’s range of motion, and to stabilize the joint.

For those patients that are obese and suffering from joint pain, losing weight will be recommended to help ensure pressure and strain on the joints will be minimized.

However, it is recommended that they stick to exercises that are low-impact like swimming and bicycling in order to avoid irritating the joint even further.

Injections

For joint pain that does not respond to oral or topical mediations, a steroid medication might be prescribed.

Together with a local anesthetic, steroid medication will be directly injected into the joint.

The procedure is done every 3 to 4 months.

Steroid injections are often the recommended treatment options for those who are suffering from tendinitis, joint disease, and arthritis, among others.

For joint pain that is persistent, get expert help from the specialists at www.bjios.sg right away.

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While now a common procedure, years ago, joint replacement was once considered high-tech
Bodyinjurysurgery

Hip and Knee Replacement: When is it Necessary?

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

While now a common procedure, years ago, joint replacement was once considered high-tech.

In the United States alone, surgeons perform the procedure more than a million times each year.

The staggering figure can be attributed to the enhanced mobility and pain relief only hip and knee replacement surgeries can offer.

Undoubtedly, for the right candidates, hip and knee replacement can be a life altering procedure.

However, surgery is not always the treatment option for those who are suffering from hip or knee pain.

Knee Replacement

Oftentimes, the most likely candidates for knee replacement surgery are those patients who are suffering from osteoarthritis

Oftentimes, the most likely candidates for knee replacement surgery are those patients who are suffering from osteoarthritis.

Understandably, the condition is common in the knees as it bears the weight of the body.

The procedure will be the treatment option resorted to only after all other conventional alternatives have been exhausted.

Just like many major surgical procedures, knee replacement also has certain risks.

Some of the risks include but are not limited to the following:

  • Heart attacks
  • Stroke
  • Infection
  • Nerve damage
  • Blood clots (in the lungs or leg veins)

The surgery will be performed by an orthopedic surgeon.

Prior to the surgery, physical examination will be performed to assess the stability, strength, and the range of motion of the knee.

Hip Replacement

In essence, hip replacement is the surgical procedure carried out to remove the hip joint’s damaged parts.

If all other conventional treatment alternatives have proved futile, hip replacement surgery becomes the likely option.

Patients with severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis are often likely candidates for the procedure.

Extent of the hip replacement however will be based on the severity of the joint damage.

For those individuals with hip fractures due to osteoporosis, hip replacement is also the likely treatment option.

Oftentimes, the most common reason for the procedure can be attributed to damage brought about by arthritis.

Also known as total hip arthroplasty, hip replacement surgery is often considered the best treatment approach when pain has become so severe and it already interferes with the patient’s day-to-day routine.

Preparation

For individuals who are candidates for hip or knee replacement, asking the right questions is deemed an integral part of the preparation.

If you are a candidate for joint replacement, the following questions should make it to your list:

Is surgery the best treatment alternative available for my case?

  • Do I have other treatment choices?
  • After the surgery, how far can I walk without experiencing any pain?
  • Is surgery the best option for someone my age?
  • Can I still participate in any sports (i.e. golf, tennis, swimming, etc.) that I enjoy?

What can I do to help ensure the procedure is a resounding success?

  • Will I be taught muscle strengthening exercises?
  • Is it recommended that I lose weight before the procedure?
  • Will it be necessary to learn how to utilize crutches/walker before the surgery?

What home preparations do I need to do?

  • Do I have to do any rearranging?
  • What are some of the effective ways I can ensure safety at home?
  • How much is the extent of help I will be needing?

What are the potential risks and complications of the procedure?

  • Will blood transfusion be necessary before or after?
  • What can I do to help minimize the risks?
  • Which medical conditions (i.e. heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, etc.) have to be monitored?

What is the procedure like?

  • How long will the surgery last?
  • How soon after the procedure can I commence with my routine activities?
  • How long will the hospital stay be?

What preparations am I expected to do the night before the procedure?

  • When do I stop eating or drinking?
  • What are the essentials I need to bring?
  • Are there medications I am supposed to take prior to the procedure?

Joint replacement is not the ideal treatment option for everyone. To know if it is appropriate for your case, visit www.bjios.sg right away.

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Many people at one point or another will experience foot and ankle injury
Bodyinjury

Foot and Ankle Injuries: Effective Ways to Lower Your Risk

by allurewellness
written by allurewellness

Many people at one point or another will experience foot and ankle injury.

In majority of the cases, foot and ankle injuries are not attributed to the typical body movements.

Rather, they are often attributed to both overuse and everyday wear and tear.

A foot and ankle injury can often occur during:

  • Works and projects done at home
  • Performance of work-related tasks
  • Sports or recreational activities

In children, foot and ankle injuries often occur during play or while engaged in sports.

It can also be the result of falls.

In most cases, injury risks are way higher for those engaged in sports that require drastic direction changes and jumping (i.e. soccer, football, and jumping).

Certain athletes like dancers, gymnasts, and soccer and basketball players are more susceptible to foot and ankle injuries.

Older adults become more susceptible to foot and ankle injuries and fractures because they have tendency to already lose muscle mass and bone strength (osteopenia) as they age.

They are also likely to have balance and vision problems—two factors that can significantly increase their risk for injuries.

Fortunately, minor injuries will often heal on their own.

Oftentimes, home remedies would be able to heal the injury and relieve the symptoms.

Acute/sudden injuries

Injuries of this type can result from direct blows, penetrations injuries, and falls

Injuries of this type can result from direct blows, penetrations injuries, and falls.

It can also be attributed to jamming, twisting, jerking, or abnormal limb bending.

Pain associated with these types of injuries are often sudden and severe.

Bruising and swelling will also likely to manifest after the injury.

Some of the most common foot and ankle injuries include:

  • Sprains – if the condition will not heal despite treatment, it can be a clear manifestation of another condition known as osteochondritis dissecans.
  • Pulled muscles or strains – muscles of the foot and ankle can be strained. At times, it may even rupture.
  • Tendon injuries – conditions like Achilles tendinitis can occur when the tendons in the heels will rupture.
  • Contusions – bruising brought about by ankle injuries can sometimes extend to the toes.

Overuse injuries

Overuse injuries often occur when the joint (and other tissues) are subjected to too much stress and strain.

The strain and stress can be attributed to overdoing of an activity or repetition.

Some of the most common overuse injuries are:

  • Retrocalcaneal bursitis – when the bursa is inflamed, this condition occurs. This condition can also result to swelling of the heel and the back of the ankle and tenderness.
  • Plantar fasciitis – this condition occurs when the plantar fascia (the flat and broad ligament situated at the bottom of the foot) becomes inflamed.

Prevention

To ensure foot and ankle injuries are avoided, keep the following beneficial pointers in mind:

  • Change the running shoes often. Experts recommend buying and using a new pair at least every 3 months or after 500 miles of wear.
  • Wear the right footwear. Choose shoes that is not only comfortable but will also offer good support.
  • Observe proper training. When exercising, it is recommended that ankle, foot, and leg stretches are done before and after exercising. Sprinting excessively should also be avoided.
  • Avoid overusing the foot or the ankle. Repeated movements can sometimes result to injury to the bursa or the tendons.
  • Wear supportive brace. Wrapping the foot or ankle during exercises or activities can also significantly reduce injury risks.
  • Get rid of excess pounds. Getting rid of the extra weight can dramatically lessen the strain and stress on the ankle and foot.
  • Wearing the right athletic footwear. When purchasing shoes, opt for ones that offer good arch support and those that come with cushioned soles. It would also be a good idea to check with an orthopedist, podiatrist, or a sports medicine professional so you will be guided on the best pair to invest in.

In some cases, you can get foot and ankle injuries however careful you may be. To ensure, the condition is attended to accordingly, ensure you are getting expert help from the competent specialists at www.bjios.sg.

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